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In our previous exploration of penalized regression models such as Lasso, Ridge, and ElasticNet, we demonstrated how effectively these models manage multicollinearity, allowing us to utilize a broader array of features to enhance model performance. Building on this foundation, we now address another crucial aspect of data preprocessing—handling missing values. Missing data can significantly compromise the accuracy and reliability of…
This post will demonstrate the usage of Lasso, Ridge, and ElasticNet models using the Ames housing dataset. These models are particularly valuable when dealing with data that may suffer from multicollinearity. We leverage these advanced regression techniques to show how feature scaling and hyperparameter tuning can improve model performance. In this post, we'll provide a step-by-step walkthrough on setting up…
One of the significant challenges statisticians and data scientists face is multicollinearity, particularly its most severe form, perfect multicollinearity. This issue often lurks undetected in large datasets with many features, potentially disguising itself and skewing the results of statistical models. In this post, we explore the methods for detecting, addressing, and refining models affected by perfect multicollinearity. Through practical analysis…
At its core, Stable Diffusion is a deep learning model that can generate pictures. Together with some other models and UI, you can consider that as a tool to help you create pictures in a new dimension that not only you can provide instructions on how the picture looks like, but also the generative model to brainstorm what you didn't…
Machine learning projects often require the execution of a sequence of data preprocessing steps followed by a learning algorithm. Managing these steps individually can be cumbersome and error-prone. This is where sklearn pipelines come into play. This post will explore how pipelines automate critical aspects of machine learning workflows, such as data preprocessing, feature engineering, and the incorporation of machine…
When we analyze relationships between variables in machine learning, we often find that a straight line doesn't tell the whole story. That's where polynomial transformations come in, adding layers to our regression models without complicating the calculation process. By transforming our features into their polynomial counterparts—squares, cubes, and other higher-degree terms—we give linear models the flexibility to curve and twist,…
Linear regression models are foundational in machine learning. Merely fitting a straight line and reading the coefficient tells a lot. But how do we extract and interpret the coefficients from these models to understand their impact on predicted outcomes? This post will demonstrate how one can interpret coefficients by exploring various scenarios. We'll delve into the analysis of a single…
Preparing categorical data correctly is a fundamental step in machine learning, particularly when using linear models. One Hot Encoding stands out as a key technique, enabling the transformation of categorical variables into a machine-understandable format. This post tells you why you cannot use a categorical variable directly and demonstrates the use One Hot Encoding in our search for identifying the…
Consistent with the principle of Occam's razor, starting simple often leads to the most profound insights, especially when piecing together a predictive model. In this post, using the Ames Housing Dataset, we will first pinpoint the key features that shine on their own. Then, step by step, we'll layer these insights, observing how their combined effect enhances our ability to…
To understand housing prices better, simplicity and clarity in our models are key. Our aim with this post is to demonstrate how straightforward yet powerful techniques in feature selection and engineering can lead to creating an effective, simple linear regression model. Working with the Ames dataset, we use a Sequential Feature Selector (SFS) to identify the most impactful numeric features…
Many beginners will initially rely on the train-test method to evaluate their models. This method is straightforward and seems to give a clear indication of how well a model performs on unseen data. However, this approach can often lead to an incomplete understanding of a model's capabilities. In this blog, we'll discuss why it's important to go beyond the basic…
Statistics and Machine Learning both aim to extract insights from data, though their approaches differ significantly. Traditional statistics primarily concerns itself with inference, using the entire dataset to test hypotheses and estimate probabilities about a larger population. In contrast, machine learning emphasizes prediction and decision-making, typically employing a train-test split methodology where models learn from a portion of the data…
AutoML is a tool designed for both technical and non-technical experts. It simplifies the process of training machine learning models. All you have to do is provide it with the dataset, and in return, it will provide you with the best-performing model for your use case. You don't have to code for long hours or experiment with various techniques; it
Machine learning presents transformative opportunities for businesses and organizations across various industries. From improving customer experiences to optimizing operations and driving innovation, the applications of machine learning are vast. However, adopting machine learning solutions is not without challenges. These challenges span across data quality, technical complexities, infrastructure requirements, and cost constraints amongst others. Understanding these challenges is important to come up
The large Language Model, or LLM, has revolutionized how people work. By helping users generate the answer from a text prompt, LLM can do many things, such as answering questions, summarizing, planning events, and more. However, there are times when the output from LLM is not up to our standard. For example, the text generated could be thoroughly wrong and
In the past, businesses grouped customers based on simple things like age or gender. Now, machine learning has changed this process. Machine learning algorithms can analyze large amounts of data. In this article, we will explore how machine learning improves customer segmentation. Introduction to Customer Segmentation Customer segmentation divides customers into different groups. These groups are based on similar traits or behaviors.
In machine learning projects, achieving optimal model performance requires paying attention to various steps in the training process. But before focusing on the technical aspects of model training, it is important to define the problem, understand the context, and analyze the dataset in detail. Once you have a solid grasp of the problem and data, you can proceed to implement strategies
Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a type of machine learning. It trains an agent to make decisions by interacting with an environment. This article covers the basic concepts of RL. These include states, actions, rewards, policies, and the Markov Decision Process (MDP). By the end, you will understand how RL works. You will also learn how to implement it in Python. Key
Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that has become a cornerstone in many technological breakthroughs. At the core of deep learning, it’s a model inspired by the human brain, which we call a neural network. Contrary to the traditional machine learning model, deep learning can automatically find feature representations from data. That’s why many domains, including computer vision, speech
Feature engineering is an important step in the machine learning pipeline. It is the process of transforming data in its native format into meaningful features to help the machine learning model learn better from the data. If done right, feature engineering can significantly enhance the performance of machine learning algorithms. Beyond the basics of understanding your data and preprocessing, effective feature
Using machine learning to solve real-world problems is exciting. But most eager beginners jump straight to model building—overlooking the fundamentals—resulting in models that aren’t very helpful. From understanding the data to choosing the best machine learning model for the problem, there are some common mistakes that beginners often tend to make. But before we go over them, you should understand the