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St. Jude researchers unveil mechanisms to block PXR and enhance drug potency
Deaths from cancer or infections can occur when available treatments are ineffective. Once turned on, pregnane X receptor (PXR) activates the expression of genes encoding enzymes that metabolize external chemicals, including drugs.
Scientists unlock mystery behind a deadly strain of cholera bacteria
A deadly strain of cholera bacteria that emerged in Indonesia back in 1961 continues to spread widely to this day, claiming thousands of lives around the world every year, sickening millions -; and, with its persistence, baffling scientists.
What is the ‘immune self,’ and how can this concept benefit immunological research?
A perspective review discusses the concept of the 'immune self' and how adaptive immune responses are influenced by self-similarity. The study emphasizes advances and challenges in defining self-similarity and its impact on immunological research.
Novel bispecific antibodies show promise against evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants
Researchers developed bispecific antibodies targeting both the N-terminal and receptor binding domains of SARS-CoV-2, demonstrating significant neutralization across various Omicron variants, suggesting potential for new COVID-19 treatments.
Unraveling the complex pathology of gastric cancer: TP53 loss and extrinsic risk factors
GC ranks as the fifth most common and fourth deadliest cancer worldwide, presenting significant health challenges, particularly in China where it is most prevalent and accounts for nearly half of newly diagnosed and death cases.
Advancing equity in cancer care: Lessons from NCI-DCCs' community outreach and engagement initiatives
Investigators at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have examined the historical evolution of Community Outreach and Engagement initiatives at both the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and National Cancer Institute-Designated Cancer Centers (NCI-DCCs).
Research highlights the link between mitochondrial calcium transport and autophagy
An article published in The Faseb Journal describes a Brazilian study analyzing the correlation between two key energy metabolism regulation processes: the absorption and release of calcium ions by mitochondria, the organelles that generate energy for cells; and autophagy induced by calorie restriction. Autophagy occurs when cells break down and reuse their own cytoplasm.
Study uncovers molecular mechanism linking nonsense-mediated RNA decay to microcephaly
Nonsense-mediated RNA decay, or NMD, is an evolutionarily conserved molecular mechanism in which potentially defective messenger RNAs, or mRNAs (genetic material that instructs the body on how to make proteins), are degraded.
Study reveals genetic divergence and drug resistance mechanisms in two critical superbugs
Infectious diseases caused by pathogenic strains of bacteria are a global cause of morbidity and mortality. Hospital-acquired infections caused by Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found vulnerable during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Novel lab-grown mini-colons can accurately mimic the development of colorectal tumors
In a breakthrough for cancer research, scientists at EPFL have created lab-grown mini-colons that can accurately mimic the development of colorectal tumors, offering a powerful new tool for studying and testing treatments for the disease.
Putting genomic surveillance of pathogens at the forefront of future pandemic preparedness
The Covid-19 pandemic turned the world upside down. In fighting it, one of our most important weapons was genomic surveillance, based on whole genome sequencing, which collects all the genetic data of a given microorganism.
Timelapse breakthrough: Scientists capture secrets of early embryonic cell division
The beginning of life is shrouded in mystery. While the intricate dynamics of mitosis is well-studied in the so-called somatic cells – the cells that have a specialized function, like skin and muscle cells – they remain elusive in the first cells of our bodies, the embryonic cells.
Global study reveals mismatch in COVID-19 treatment guidelines with WHO standards
Study assesses global discrepancies in COVID-19 management guidelines across WHO member states, revealing that many national guidelines do not fully align with WHO recommendations, especially in lower-resource countries.
Analysis finds significant variations in national COVID-19 treatment recommendations
National clinical guidelines for the treatment of COVID-19 vary significantly around the world, with under-resourced countries the most likely to diverge from gold standard (World Health Organization; WHO) treatment recommendations, finds a comparative analysis published in the open access journal BMJ Global Health.
Study discovers hidden mechanism behind rapid COVID variants
The SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID has the unsettling ability of often generating variants of itself. Other viruses also mutate, but as SARS-CoV-2 quickly spread throughout the entire human population during the pandemic, killing millions, the virus' dynamic evolution posed a serious problem: it repeatedly challenged our bodies' immune response fighting the virus and hindered the process of getting updated vaccines ready.
Research highlights emergence of immune-evasive SARS-CoV-2 variants in immunocompromised patients
New research to be presented at next week's ESCMID Global Congress (formerly ECCMID) in Barcelona, Spain (27-30 April) highlights the risk of new immune-evasive SARS-CoV-2 variants emerging in immunocompromised patients.
Cognitively stimulating jobs in midlife linked to lower dementia risk
People with a history of cognitively stimulating occupations during their 30s, 40s, 50s, and 60s had a lower risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia after age 70, according to a new study from Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, the Columbia Aging Center, and the Norwegian Institute of Public Health.
Revolutionizing heart failure treatment: Advances in mechanical circulatory support devices
The same technology that enables a bullet train to travel at speeds up to 200 mph without touching its rails now keeps a failing heart pumping-;and in the near future, it will do so via a wireless power connection.
Avian flu's leap to humans: Understanding risks and prevention strategies
Comprehensive report by the EFSA and ECDC delves into the factors that could prompt an avian influenza virus to evolve and potentially spark a pandemic, emphasizing the One Health approach for effective prevention and risk mitigation strategies.