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Study uncovers the molecular evolutionary strategies of the OxPhos system
Mitochondria are the body's "energy factories," and their proper function is essential for life. Inside mitochondria, a set of complexes called the oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) system acts like a biochemical assembly line, transforming oxygen and nutrients into usable energy.
New insights into nature's most remarkable innovation- the ability to sustain a successful pregnancy
An international research team led by scientists from the University of Vienna has uncovered new insights into how specialized cell types and communication networks at the interface between mother and fetus evolved over millions of years.
The clever ways Neanderthals got their fat long before modern humans
Neanderthals at Neumark-Nord, Germany, systematically transported and processed the bones of at least 172 large mammals to extract nutrient-rich "bone grease" nearly 125,000 years ago. This finding rewrites the timeline for large-scale fat processing, revealing unexpectedly complex resource strategies among Neanderthals.
Scientists trace leprosy’s roots in South America back 4,000 years
Researchers have recovered and sequenced Mycobacterium lepromatosis genomes from 4,000-year-old human remains in Chile, providing the first molecular evidence of ancient leprosy in the Americas. The findings reveal the deep evolutionary roots and complex spread of Hansen’s disease long before European contact.
Ancient DNA sheds light on the origins of leprosy in the Americas
Hansen's Disease, more commonly known as leprosy, is a chronic disease that can lead to physical impairment. Today it exists in over 100 countries, and while the infection is treatable, access to treatment varies widely with socioeconomic conditions.
Genetic bottlenecks limit the rise of pandemic cholera strains
A new study by the Genomics and Microbial Evolution Group at the Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH) together with the Department of Host-Microbe Interactions at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis, USA, sheds light on one of the great enigmas of microbiology: why only certain strains of common bacteria become pandemic pathogens.
Study reveals how FOXA1 mutations drive prostate cancer and therapy resistance
A new study from the University of Michigan Rogel Health Cancer Center, published in Science, sheds light on how two distinct classes of mutations in the FOXA1 gene-commonly altered in prostate cancer-drive tumor initiation formation and therapeutic resistance.
Updated COVID-19 vaccines found effective against severe illness
A new multi-state study led by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) VISION Network – including Regenstrief Institute – has provided the most comprehensive assessment to date of the effectiveness of 2023-2024 COVID-19 vaccines among adults in the U.S. during the XBB and JN.1 Omicron subvariant waves.
What happens when job candidates face AI instead of humans?
When people know they are being assessed by AI rather than humans, they tend to present themselves as more analytical and less intuitive or emotional. This “AI assessment effect” could shift hiring and admissions decisions, raising new questions for organizations relying on algorithmic evaluation.
Fusion genes found to be pivotal players in cancer development
Fusion genes, arising from abnormal chromosomal rearrangements, are gaining recognition as pivotal players in cancer development. These genetic alterations result in the creation of hybrid genes with altered functions, often driving tumor progression.
Placenta and prenatal hormones may drive human brain evolution
The placenta and the hormones it produces may have played a crucial role in the evolution of the human brain, while also leading to the behavioral traits that have made human societies able to thrive and expand, according to a new hypothesis proposed by researchers from the Universities of Cambridge and Oxford.
New technology tracks solid tumor treatment response through blood samples
Altum Sequencing, a start-up supported by the C3N-IA Science Park at Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) and specialized in oncology, has developed a tool to monitor treatment response in patients with solid tumors from a simple blood sample.
Mapping genetic activity offers new clues for personalized cancer treatment
City of Hope®, one of the largest and most advanced cancer research and treatment organizations in the U.S. with its National Medical Center named top 5 in the nation for cancer by U.S. News & World Report, co-led the first study to demonstrate that characterizing genetic material near chromosomes forecasts how mutated, cancer-causing genes reengineer DNA and alter the tumor microenvironment.
Updated EU CAR-T Handbook offers insights into latest developments in CAR-T cell therapies
The EBMT, the EHA, and the GoCART Coalition proudly announce the release of the second edition of the EU CAR-T Handbook, a comprehensive, open-access resource covering the latest developments in CAR-T cell therapies.
Patient-derived xenograft models may become an indispensable tool in precision oncology
Cancer remains one of the most pressing global health challenges, with millions of new diagnoses each year. While precision medicine and targeted therapies have transformed treatment strategies, many patients still face drug resistance and disease recurrence.
John Oldham redefines the landscape of personality disorders
In a comprehensive Genomic Press Interview published today in Brain Medicine, John M. Oldham, MD, MS, one of psychiatry's most influential architects of personality disorder theory, traces his remarkable journey from frontier medicine roots in Oklahoma to revolutionizing how mental health professionals understand and diagnose personality pathology.
Maternal exposure to metals rewires infants’ gut and resistance genes
Prenatal exposure to trace elements like selenium, copper, and arsenic can significantly alter the infant gut microbiome, metabolism, and antibiotic resistance gene patterns. These changes appear as early as three months and evolve during the first year of life.
Mass treatment with the antibiotic azithromycin may lead to increased drug resistance
Efforts to reduce child mortality in Africa via mass treatment with the antibiotic azithromycin (AZM) may lead to increased drug resistance in bacteria that frequently cause pneumonia and meningitis, highlighting the need for careful monitoring, finds a new study led by UCL.
Experts review how 12-hour biological cycles operate in mice, with clues in humans
Researchers uncover how 12-hour biological rhythms operate in mammals, exploring their unique mechanisms and potential evolutionary ties to ancient tidal cycles. These rhythms could play a critical role in metabolism, stress response, and disease risk.
Carotid plaques may quietly become more dangerous over time
Using data from the Rotterdam Study in the Netherlands, researchers have uncovered that carotid artery plaques can undergo potentially dangerous changes over time in patients without symptoms, according to a study was published today in Radiology, a journal of the Radiological Society of North America.
Fujifilm rebrands Life Sciences Companies to strengthen position as strategic partners for life, offering end-to-end solutions
FUJIFILM Corporation's Life Sciences Group companies, a portfolio of businesses offering products, services and comprehensive solutions that span all stages of therapeutic development from discovery through to commercialization, today announced new names and identities as part of a strategic positioning effort.
Experts chart path to bring microbiome science into routine clinical care
Despite rapid advances in sequencing and bioinformatics, translating microbiome science into clinical practice presents significant challenges, including the lack of standardized protocols, limited clinical evidence, and logistical barriers. This Cell perspective outlines key actions, standardization, robust trial design, and clinician education to move microbiome diagnostics and therapeutics from bench to bedside.